King ferdinand vii book biography

King of Spain (, –)

Ferdinand VII (Spanish: Fernando VII; 14 October – 29 September ) was King of Spain during the early 19th century.

He reigned briefly in and then again from to his death in Before he was known as el Deseado (the Desired), and after, as el Rey Felón (the Criminal King).

Born in Madrid at El Escorial, Ferdinand was heir apparent to the Spanish throne in his youth.

King ferdinand vii book biography in english

Following the Tumult of Aranjuez, he ascended the throne. That year Napoleon overthrew him; he linked his monarchy to counter-revolution and reactionary policies that produced a deep rift in Spain between his forces on the right and liberals on the left.

Back in power in December , he re-established the absolutist monarchy and rejected the liberal constitution of A revolt in led by Rafael del Riego forced him to restore the constitution, starting the Liberal Triennium, a three-year period of liberal rule.

In the Congress of Verona authorized a successful French intervention, re